What botanical species does hawthorn concrete come from, and where is it sourced?
Hawthorn concrete/extract from Top is the concentrate of Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge (shan-zha / Chinese hawthorn, Rosaceae) — the large-fruited "Shan-li-hong" hawthorn used in food. Top declares the botanical name on every COA.
Origin is cultivated hawthorn orchards in northern China (Shandong, Hebei, Liaoning, Shanxi), a traditional hawthorn belt. Hawthorn is a medicine-food dual-use species listed by the National Health Commission, so it is a recognized food raw material — not a novel botanical.
Top keeps the species + origin declaration so the fruit-pomace-to-concentrate identity is traceable. Note this is a water-extracted fruit concentrate (concrete/concentrate), not a distilled essential oil or a solvent floral concrete.
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